250-million-year-old evolutionary remnants seen in muscles of human embryos

A team of evolutionary biologists, led by Dr. Rui Diogo at Howard University, USA, and writing in the journal Development, have demonstrated that numerous atavistic limb muscles – known to be present in many limbed animals but usually absent in adult humans – are actually formed during early human development and then lost prior to birth. … Read more

Bateman’s cowbirds

Researchers at the University of Illinois have shown through a multi-year study that cowbirds (Molothrus ater) conform to Bateman’s Principle, which holds that reproductive success is greater in males than in females when they have more mates. Cowbirds are distinct from 99% of other bird species in that they are brood parasites and lay their … Read more

The flagellar hook: Making sense of bacterial motility

The flagellum is often cited as an example of natural design ingenuity – it is a powerful nanomachine that allows bacteria to swim effortlessly in search of food. Yet despite being a popular object of study over the last half a century, the flagellum’s exact mechanics remain enigmatic. Researchers at the Okinawa Institute of Science … Read more

The dark giraffe, the new dark horse

Darker male giraffes have been found to be more solitary and less social than their lighter-coloured counterparts, according to new research from The University of Queensland. A long-term study revealed that the colour of male giraffes’ spots more strongly relates to their patterns of social association, rather than their age, as previously thought. The paper’s … Read more

How neural circuits form in a developing embryo

Neurons, take your places. The cells that eventually become neurons must first travel across the embryo to reach their final destinations in the nervous system. There, they blossom from undefined cells into neurons with specific roles, working together in circuits to direct an animal’s behavior. But exactly how this journey unfolds is still somewhat mysterious. … Read more

Private boats in the Mediterranean have extremely high potential to spread alien species

This is the first study in the Mediterranean to combine boat and marina sampling data with crew surveys to better understand the role these boats play in spreading alien species. The researchers from the University of Pavia, Italy found that boats traveling to new marinas were likely to be transporting alien species in the biofouling: … Read more

Scientists decode DNA of coral and all its microscopic supporters

A study led by The University of Queensland and James Cook University reveals at the DNA level how coral interacts with partners like algae and bacteria to share resources and build healthy, resilient coral. UQ’s Dr Steven Robbins said the research may aid in the revival of the world’s embattled coral reefs. “Symbiotic relationships are … Read more