Bird three times larger than ostrich discovered in Crimean cave

A surprise discovery in a Crimean cave suggests that early Europeans lived alongside some of the largest ever known birds, according to new research published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. It was previously thought that such gigantism in birds only ever existed on the islands of Madagascar and New Zealand as well as Australia. The … Read more

Study reveals key factor in Himalayan earthquake rupture

The Himalayan orogenic belt produces frequent large earthquakes that impact population centers for a distance of over 2500 km. In the central region, the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal, with moment magnitude (MW) 7.8, partially ruptured a ~120-km by 80-km patch of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT), the detachment that separates the underthrusting Indian plate … Read more

Soft robots for all

Soft robots can’t always compete with the hard. Their rigid brethren dominate assembly lines, perform backflips, dance to Bruno Mars’ “Uptown Funk,” fly, dive, and walk through volcanoes. But each year, soft robots gain new abilities. They’ve learned to jump, squirm, and grip. And, unlike hard robots, they can handle tomatoes without bruising the fruit, … Read more

The ancient history of Neandertals in Europe

Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, have retrieved nuclear genome sequences from the femur of a male Neandertal discovered in 1937 in Hohlenstein-Stadel Cave, Germany, and from the maxillary bone of a Neandertal girl found in 1993 in Scladina Cave, Belgium. Both Neandertals lived around 120,000 years ago, and … Read more

Atomic motion is captured in 4D for the first time

Everyday transitions from one state of matter to another — such as freezing, melting or evaporation — start with a process called “nucleation,” in which tiny clusters of atoms or molecules (called “nuclei”) begin to coalesce. Nucleation plays a critical role in circumstances as diverse as the formation of clouds and the onset of neurodegenerative … Read more

Building a bridge to the quantum world

Entanglement is one of the main principles of quantum mechanics. Physicists from Professor Johannes Fink’s research group at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) have found a way to use a mechanical oscillator to produce entangled radiation. This method, which the authors published in the current edition of Nature, might prove extremely useful … Read more

Researchers discover more than 50 lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet

Researchers have discovered 56 previously uncharted subglacial lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet bringing the total known number of lakes to 60. Although these lakes are typically smaller than similar lakes in Antarctica, their discovery demonstrates that lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet are much more common than previously thought. The Greenland Ice Sheet covers … Read more

Blue color tones in fossilized prehistoric feathers

For some time, paleontologists have known that melanin pigment can preserve in fossils and have been able to reconstruct fossil colour patterns. Melanin pigment gives black, reddish brown and grey colours to birds and is involved in creating bright iridescent sheens in bird feathers. This can be observed by studying the melanin packages called melanosomes, … Read more

Thunderbolt of lightning, gamma rays exciting

University of Tokyo graduate student Yuuki Wada with colleagues from Japan discover a connection between lightning strikes and two kinds of gamma-ray phenomena in thunderclouds. The research suggests that in certain conditions, weak gamma-ray glows from thunderclouds may precede lightning bolts and their accompanying gamma-ray flashes. In the city of Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, in central Japan, … Read more